Data Explorer Visualizes the Connections Between Incarceration and Inequality

Vera Institute for Justice / 2026 / Economics, Human Rights, Politics, Racial Equity

Screenshot of the landing page for Vera Institute's Incarceration and Inequality Data Explorer. It shows a bivariate map, a map with two data layers, overlaying Incarceration with Median Income.

Overview

The Vera Institute of Justice partners with communities and government leaders across America to end mass incarceration and transform the criminal justice and immigration systems. Vera selected Graphicacy to build a data explainer that would visually tell the story of the emotional and economic toll incarceration takes on families.

Background and Challenge

The United States has one of the highest incarceration rates in the world. As part of its work to dismantle the systems responsible, the Vera Institute set out to illuminate the intersection and impacts of mass incarceration, racial justice, poverty and economic mobility.

To start, Vera sought to build a foundational tool that would enable criminal justice advocates, policymakers, journalists and the general public to see the relationship between poverty and incarceration clearly and in detail, down to the county level. Previously, only researchers with specialized skills and tools could access this information.

Opportunity and Solution

Graphicacy collaborated with Vera to build an intuitive, interactive entry point into the data. The goal was to create a landing page that was inviting, engaging and allowed for an immediate grasp of the connection between incarceration and economic outcomes.

During an in-depth discovery process, the teams looked at ways to present the massive amounts of data to users. Their solution involved a bivariate county-level map of the U.S., on which users can superimpose two metrics over the same area. When two metrics are selected, the data is binned into nine groups, which are selectable by clicking on the legend. Users can isolate specific groupings, such as counties with High Incarceration Rates and Low income.

To help aid map navigation, Graphicacy designed an interactive layering approach. A user picks a single metric, sees that data on a continuous color scale, then layers on a second metric. Allowing the user to control the metric layering process invites deeper exploration and discovery.

From the landing page, users can click through to a dedicated page for each county. These pages provide insights that can lead to actionable change. For instance, the first main section focuses on disparities across races/ethnicities, showing any gaps in incarceration rates, employment and more among white and either Black, BIPOC or Latinx residents of the given county.

In the second section, users can compare counties to identify places with similar economic, demographic and criminal justice profiles that have found ways to send fewer people to prison and jail.

The final section on the county page shows change over time, so users can see how incarceration or economic variables have improved or worsened. This data appears in comparison to a reference line, which users can switch out to pick whichever comparison is most meaningful for them. When it’s time to share their findings with policymakers and other decisionmakers, users can easily download the county charts for their own presentations and content.

A montage image showing the interface for the County pages inside the The Incarceration and Inequality Data Explorer

“Working with Graphicacy was so smooth and easy. Often, we had some vague ideas, but they would jump in and turn them into usable design concepts. We wouldn’t have ended up where we did without their contributions. I’d recommend Graphicacy to anyone thinking about doing projects like these.”


Deborah Walnicki, Project and Product Manager

Interested in working on a project like this?